India May Lose Over 19 Working Days a Year to Extreme Heat by 2030: Global Report Warns

India could lose more than 19 working days every year by 2030 due to extreme heat, particularly in the agriculture and construction sectors, according to a new report by Berlin-based think tank adelphi global. The study, titled Heat, Health and Increasing Cost of Living: A Call for Action, warns that rising temperatures will significantly reduce worker productivity, lower household incomes, and increase healthcare expenses. India is listed among the countries expected to face the highest heat-related productivity losses, alongside Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Nigeria.

The report highlights that India’s vast informal workforce will be the most affected, as many workers lack paid leave, health insurance, and social security. Since many earn daily wages, any reduction in working hours caused by heat stress directly impacts their income. The study also notes that women face greater financial risks due to their higher representation in informal employment and additional unpaid caregiving responsibilities. Along with lost earnings, households are expected to face rising medical costs from heat-related illnesses such as dehydration, heatstroke, cardiovascular problems, and kidney disease.

Researchers also point to the growing issue of “heat poverty,” where low-income families struggle to afford cooling despite rising temperatures. While air conditioning remains one of the most effective ways to cope with extreme heat, its purchase and electricity costs are beyond the reach of many households. The report calls for stronger climate adaptation measures, expanded social protection for workers, improved healthcare systems, heat-focused labour policies, and better data collection to help governments address the increasing economic and social impacts of extreme heat before they worsen.

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